Pre-operative studies
To ensure an adequate analgesic effect in the immediate postoperative period, it may be necessary to administer analgesic medication prior to the postoperative period.
Data in this section are available from studies that assessed pre-operative analgesia versus pre-operative placebo, as well as those that assessed pre-operative analgesia versus the same analgesia given postoperatively (to examine the concept of pre-emptive – or preventive – analgesia).
A meta-analysis of studies comparing pre-operative interventions with similar postoperative interventions in various procedures found that pre-operative NSAIDs and local anaesthetic wound infiltration improved analgesic consumption and time to first rescue analgesic request, but not pain scores. Evidence did not support an improvement in postoperative analgesia following administration of pre-operative NMDA antagonists and opioids (Ong 2005b). A previous systematic review of pre-emptive analgesia for acute or chronic postoperative pain relief in a variety of surgical procedures — such as orthopaedic, dental, gynaecological and abdominal — has concluded that there is no benefit of pre-emptive over postoperative administration (Møiniche 2002).
Arguments against…
Arguments for…
Laxatives
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